Whilst you do not need to go into full depth with this, CIE wants you to understand the generic structure of a DNA molecule: White emulsion signifies the presence of fatĪs you may already know, genetic information is stored inside our DNA.Dissolve food in ethanol and pour the solution into a clean tube of water.A violet colour signifies the presence of protein.Add an equal amount of sodium hydroxide to a solution of food and mix.A colour change (from blue) signifies presence and quantity of monosacchrides.Add equal amount of benedicts solution into a solution of food and boil gently.Blue/black coloration means starch is present.We can test for starch, monosaccharides, proteins, and fats in a given sample via the following tests: This is super important for you to understand. Just from this slight difference in amino acid order, protein 2 will be completely different from protein 1 in terms of its function and structure. Protein 2 on the other hand, has a slightly different amino acid sequence. In the example above, protein 1 has amino acids A through to E joined in order. The hyphens represent a chemical bond between the amino acids. This diagram below represents how a single chain of amino acids eventually turn into a complex 3D protein structure with a specific function.įor example: Consider amino acids A B C D and E. The sequence of amino acids in the chain therefore creates the final shape of the protein, and the shape is what gives the protein its function. It is really important to understand here that the final 3D structure of a protein is derived from the specific interactions between amino acids that are joined in the protein chain. They are joined in a specific sequence as shown below: Different combinations of these amino acids will give rise to different proteins.įor example, each of the different colored circles represent a different amino acid. There are about 20 different amino acids that are found in the human body. Proteins are made of long chains of amino acids chemically bonded to each other. They are extremely important to the body and serve many different functions. Proteins are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur or phosphorus. In fact, they have two times higher energy content than carbohydrates!įats are made up of three fatty acid units attached to a single unit of glycerol: The oxygen content is lower than in carbohydrates. Fats are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |